制冷的(de)(de)主要(yao)目的(de)(de)是降(jiang)(jiang)低封閉空間和材料的(de)(de)溫度，并保持降(jiang)(jiang)低的(de)(de)溫度，有時降(jiang)(jiang)低相對濕(shi)度。冷卻這個(ge)術語通常是指任(ren)何自然(ran)或人工(gong)的(de)(de)散熱過程

以(yi)(yi)食(shi)品(pin)工業(ye)為例，食(shi)品(pin)中微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)與(yu)溫(wen)度(du)密切相關(guan)。如果控(kong)制(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)，就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)。當溫(wen)度(du)低(di)于(yu)10℃時，微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)速度(du)明(ming)顯減慢(man)。冷藏可(ke)以(yi)(yi)降(jiang)低(di)儲存食(shi)物(wu)中微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)速度(du)，給我們帶(dai)來(lai)更加美味和方(fang)便(bian)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活體驗。

   在(zai)工業生產中(zhong)，物料的低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)發酵需(xu)要在(zai)零度(du)或超低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)下進行(xing)，這是在(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)下無法完成的，因(yin)此制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)環(huan)節尤為(wei)關鍵什么是制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)?制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統(tong)由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機、冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)、節流(liu)元件(jian)(jian)和蒸(zheng)發器(qi)四個(ge)基本部(bu)件(jian)(jian)組成。四個(ge)主要部(bu)件(jian)(jian)由銅管(guan)按一定順序連接，形成一個(ge)封閉系(xi)統(tong)，系(xi)統(tong)內(nei)充有一定量(liang)的制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)。氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)和R22在(zai)過去(qu)被用作空(kong)調(diao)的制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑(ji)(ji)以制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)為(wei)例(li)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機從蒸(zheng)發器(qi)中(zhong)吸出低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)氣體，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)成高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)氣體，流(liu)經毛(mao)細管(guan)，節流(liu)成低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)汽液(ye)兩相，低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)液(ye)再吸收蒸(zheng)發器(qi)內(nei)室內(nei)空(kong)氣的熱量(liang)，變(bian)成低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)氣體，低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氟(fu)(fu)(fu)利(li)昂(ang)(ang)氣體由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)機吸入。

   室(shi)內空(kong)氣通(tong)(tong)過蒸(zheng)發器釋放熱量，空(kong)氣溫度下降(jiang)。這樣重(zhong)復壓縮(suo)冷(leng)凝節流蒸(zheng)發的循環(huan)，制冷(leng)劑不斷地帶走室(shi)內空(kong)氣的熱量，從而(er)降(jiang)低制冷(leng)系(xi)統(tong)的室(shi)溫。壓縮(suo)冷(leng)凝節流蒸(zheng)發是制冷(leng)工藝(yi)的四大要素，而(er)完(wan)成這一工藝(yi)的設備(bei)就是制冷(leng)設備(bei)。為了使制冷(leng)更加人性化和(he)智能(neng)化，現代制冷(leng)技術通(tong)(tong)常增加一些(xie)集(ji)成模(mo)塊來實現智能(neng)操作界面(mian)、遠程控(kong)制和(he)電路保護裝置等一系(xi)列功能(neng)。